If potential 0-level is chosen in infinity The electric field potential at a point in space is equal to the amount of work we done by electric force to move the test charge from the point in question to infinity, divided by charge. The electric potential created by a point charge Qsource, at a distance r from the charge (relative to the potential at infinity), can be shown to be:
• Intensity of an electric field E (or strength of an electric field or electric field) is vector characteristic. It is defined as the ratio of the force F acting upon the test charge to the magnitude of the test charge.
• The electric field of a point charge can be obtained from Coulomb's law.
• The magnitude of electric field produced by point charge Qsource at a distance r from this charge (in a point of M is where the electric field is defined).
Field lines:-
• An electric field has both magnitude and direction. The distribution of an electric field in space is visually represented by the intensity lines (or lines of force or field lines). Electric field-lines are drawn according to the following rules:
The direction of the electric field is everywhere tangent to the field-lines, in the sense of the arrows on the lines. The magnitude of the field is proportional to the number of field-lines per unit area passing through a small surface normal to the lines.
• The lines of force of a potential electric field (electrostatic field) that is created by electric charges originate on positive charges and terminate on negative charges. The electric field is stronger where the field lines are close together than where they are farther apart.
Electric Dipole:-
• An electric dipole is a pair of point electric charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign, separated by some small distance.
• The distribution of the charge in a dipole can be characterized by a parameter called the dipole moment p. The dipole moment is a vector which is directed from the negative charge towards the positive charge and is defined as:
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