Electrical Charge

Electrical Charge:-

Electrical charge is an electrical property of matter that exist because of an excess or deficiency of electrons.

The charge of an electron and that of a proton are equal in magnitude.

Charge is symbolized by letter ‘Q’.

Static Electricity: the presence of a net positive or negative charge in a material.

Electrical charge Q is measured in coulomb, symbolized by ‘C’. One coulomb is the total charge possessed by 6.25 X 10¹⁸ electrons.

A single electron has a charge of 1.6 X 10^-19 C.

Q  =  number of electrons    /    6.25 X 10¹⁸ electrons/C

There is a force (F) between charges. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract:-

The force is directly proportional to product of two charges and inversely proportional to square of distance. This force, called an electric field.